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Scratches, represented by triangular-shaped grooves, make the surface area greater.

Specific surface area (SSA) is a property of solids defined as ⚾️ the total surface area (SA) of a material per unit mass,[1] (with units of m2/kg or m2/g). Alternatively, it may ⚾️ be defined as SA per solid or bulk volume[2][3] (units of m2/m3 or m−1).

It is a physical value that can ⚾️ be used to determine the type and properties of a material (e.g. soil or snow). It has a particular importance ⚾️ for adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, and reactions on surfaces.

Measurement [ edit ]

...and plastic Białecki rings of increased SSA